Quilting yardage

Quilt Backing Calculator

Enter your quilt top's width and length and get exact backing yardage for any fabric width — the calculator compares vertical and horizontal seam layouts, picks the cheaper one, and estimates binding strips at the same time.

Calculate backing & binding yardage

Works for 42–44" quilting cotton, 60", 90", 108" and 120" wide backings.

Home quilting: 4 · Longarm service: 8
10% for unwashed cotton
Backing = quilt top + 4 in overage every side width 1 width 2 width 3 quilt top the part you pieced 4 in overage 4 in overage 4 in 4 in Dashed lines = seams joining fabric widths (42 in cotton shown). 108 in wide backing needs no seams at all.
Longarm machines grip the overage, so backing must be bigger than the top. A 60 × 80 in top becomes a 68 × 88 in backing.

How quilt backing math works

Backing must be a few inches bigger than the quilt top on all sides — the layers shift slightly during quilting and longarm machines need extra to clamp onto. Then it is just a coverage problem:

backing width = quilt width + 2 × overage backing length = quilt length + 2 × overage Vertical seams: pieces = backing width ÷ fabric width, rounded UP total = pieces × backing length Horizontal seams: pieces = backing length ÷ fabric width, rounded UP total = pieces × backing width → use whichever layout needs less fabric

Piece the lengths together with a ½-inch seam, pressed open, and remove selvedges before sewing — selvedges are woven tighter and can pucker after washing.

Worked example

60 × 80 inch quilt top, 4 inches of overage, 42-inch quilting cotton:

backing size = 68 × 88 in vertical: ceil(68 ÷ 42) = 2 pieces → 2 × 88 = 176 in ≈ 4⅞ yd horizontal: ceil(88 ÷ 42) = 3 pieces → 3 × 68 = 204 in ≈ 5⅝ yd → vertical wins: about 4⅞ yd (buy 5 yd) binding: perimeter 2×(60+80) + 10 = 290 in strips: ceil(290 ÷ 40) = 8 strips × 2.5 in = 20 in ≈ ⅝ yd

Switch to 108-inch wide backing and the whole quilt is covered by one 68-inch length — just 1⅞ yd with no seams at all. That is the power of wide backing on quilts up to about 100 inches wide.

Common quilt sizes — quick reference

QuiltFinished size (in)Backing @ 42 inBacking @ 108 in
Baby36 × 482⅞ yd1⅝ yd
Lap / throw52 × 654⅛ yd2 yd
Twin64 × 865¾ yd2½ yd
Queen84 × 927⅝ yd2¾ yd
King100 × 927⅞ yd3 yd

These assume 4 inches of overage per side. The calculator handles any custom size — and always re-check your quilter's requirements if you send tops out.

Frequently asked questions

How much backing fabric do I need for a quilt?

Take your quilt top's width and length, add 4–8 inches of overage on each dimension, then compute how many fabric-width lengths it takes to cover the wider dimension. A 60×80 inch quilt in standard 42-inch quilting cotton needs about 5¾ yards of backing (pieced from lengths); the same quilt in 108-inch wide backing fabric needs only 2½ yards with no seams.

How much overage should quilt backing have?

Home quilters: 4 inches extra on every side covers longarm clamping and slight straightening. If you send to a longarm service, they typically require 8 inches total per side — check your quilter's requirement before buying.

Should quilt backing seams run vertical or horizontal?

Run seams parallel to the quilt's longer side when possible: fewer seams, less bulk, and the seam hides in the fold shadow. The calculator compares both layouts and picks the one that needs less fabric.

How much binding fabric do I need?

Binding length is the quilt perimeter plus about 10 inches for joins and corners. Divide by your usable strip width (about 40 inches for 42-inch cotton) to get the number of 2.5-inch strips, then convert to yardage. A 60×80 inch quilt needs about ⅝ yard of binding fabric.

Is 108-inch wide backing fabric worth it?

For quilts wider than about 60 inches, usually yes. Wide backing eliminates seams, saves piecing time, and often costs less per square inch despite a higher per-yard price.

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